Answers to 1.2 and 18.2 Reviews

1.2 Review
1. With a light microscope you can view live specimens, but you can magnify only 1000 times.

2. A eukaryotic cell has DNA in a nucleus, and a prokaryotic cell has DNA throughout the cytoplasm.

3. chloroplast, central vacuole, cell wall

4. The endoplasmic reticulum uses materials from ribosomes to make proteins and cell membrane parts. Vesicles take those materials to the Golgi apparatus, which finishes processing them.

5. plant cells: chloroplast, central vacuole, cell wall, animal cells: lysosome; both: eukaryotic, all the other organelles

6. light microscope; plant cell, because it has chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a central vacuole

18.2 Review
1. breaking food into small pieces; absorbing nutrients; absorbing water; processing waste products

2. bread is broken in small pieces by chewing; saliva changes starches into sugars

3. Muscles mix and mash food. Acid breaks down food.

4. An antacid deals with chemical digestion.

5. Answers should include all basic steps and structures in digestion and mention materials in the apple absorbed by intestines, and waste expelled.

6. Both absorb nutrients. The small intestine absorbs more nutrients; the large absorbs water and some nutrients, and stores waste.